American Rhetoric Obama And Martin Luther King Jr.

African American Rhetoric: Barack Obama Martin Luther King Jr. Barack Obama and Martin Luther King Jr. each deal with the issues of race and the African American struggle in their respective works. Both leaders use a combination of many rhetorical techniques in their arguments to make them more poignant and convincing. The two men make extremely strong and effective arguments that often rely on pathetic appeals to connect to their audience s values. However, Obama focuses more on an ethical approach by including stories about his childhood and family history to build up his credibility, while King Jr. uses more logical statements to walk the reader through each part of his argument, step by step. Barack Obama gave his speech at the†¦show more content†¦He takes two personal identities: African and American, and he truly combines them into African American, embracing his African roots while showing that he is as American as any white American. In the opening paragraph, Obama says: My father was a foreign student, born and raised in a sm all village in Kenya. He grew up herding goats, went to school in a tin-roof shack. His father, my grandfather, was a cook, a domestic servant. In these statements, Obama quickly accepts his African roots, as he describes a situation that is almost completely foreign to the Americans in his audience. He describes his father s life briefly, a life that most of his audience would not understand. With these short statements, he establishes that he is an individual and that his history is different from most of the audience s. However, he immediately uses this difference to connect with the audience as he says: But my grandfather had larger dreams for his son. Through hard work and perseverance my father got a scholarship to study in a magical place; America which stood as a beacon of freedom and opportunity to so many who had come before. In this quotation, Obama mentions multiple

The House- Creative Writing Essay - 475 Words

I moaned softly to myself as I compelled my battered legs to carry me for the last time along the over-grown garden path, which I had once skipped down so carelessly as a young boy. I sighed as I surveyed the acres; the once beautifully manicured, but now utterly disheveled expanse of garden stretching before me. My gaze rested on the immense oak tree that cut into the landscape, once majestic and verdant but now withered and dieing. I apprehensively forced my eyes to look directly ahead of me and focused them upon the house that had once given me so much happiness as a boy. I mocked myself for thinking that I could bring those memories back. I let my eyes rove over the house, visualizing the†¦show more content†¦The door was hanging off its hinges; there was no need for a key. I stepped through the doorway. I put up my hands to brush away the silky cobwebs, relishing the spun-silk disintegrating at my touch. The floorboards creaked after every leaden step I took. I took another deep breath to steady my nerves, and I entered the grand ballroom. The room was gloomy and damp, I looked up to face the chandelier, but the ceiling was bare save for a gaping, splintering hole in the ceiling whsere it once hung. It must have been taken when they came. I examined the whole room carefully and trod cautiously forwards. Glass crunched under my feet. I brushed away some dust, and sat on the aged couch in front of the old fireplace. I had a flashback from when I was a boy: I saw mother knitting in her large rocking chair, and father, he and I were roasting marshmallows in the great fireplace. This picture brought tears to my eyes, but I fought them back. I couldn’t have cried, I thought I was past that stage now, but still the tears kept coming and I took my handkerchief, blew my nose, wiped away the tears, and struggled on up the curving stairs. I shuffled forwards examining the various paintings hung on the wall that I remembered so very well. 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My Family Essay Paper Example For Students

My Family Essay Paper My family is the core unit of my life. It is where I am understood and therefore able to express myself without the fear of being judged wrongly. Like most typical American families, mine is a nuclear family. It is made up of my father, mother, brother, sister and I. Outline1 My parents2 My siblings3 Why family is important? My parents My dad is the main provider of the family. Growing up, I have seen him working in the construction industry as a building contractor. Due to the nature of his job, we used to travel a lot when we were young. This is no longer the case because we have to attend school. We are often left with our mom whenever he travels. However, when schools close, we sometimes travel with him when he has a project outside our town. My mom, on the other hand, is a kindergarten teacher. She has always been a teacher, and she really loves her job. She started teaching before she got married to my dad. Because her work is well defined, it makes it possible for her to spend time with us. We have come up with family traditions such as having dinner together as a family as we share about how our day has been. This provides a platform for us to discuss our ideas and challenges and how to handle or overcome them. Â  It is through her that we are constantly reminded of the importance of family and why we should always respect each other and build trust among ourselves. My siblings My brother and sister are my closest friends. Since we were young, our parents taught us the value of having a close relationship with each other. We love, respect and trust each other. We also look out for each other. As the eldest, I often find myself entrusted with some responsibilities concerning my siblings. I have to continually ensure that they trust me so that our friendship remains solid. Why family is important? The family is important for numerous reasons. These include: It is the basic unit in the society. The importance of family cannot be underestimated. Â  It is in a family set-up that a child learns the basics of life that are important. They are taught values that sustain them in their entire lives. It is where one learns how to relate to other people. It begins with the relationship one has with their parents. They later relate with their siblings and other members of the extended family before they step out into the world and meet the rest of the people. The family is where learning starts The different types of the family also expose the child to different aspects of life. As the first born in my family, I did not have anyone to play with at home. Spending time with the extended family gave me an opportunity to learn new things that I wouldn’t have learned if I did not interact with them. I learned how to build a relationship with a stranger and also build trust with time until I’m comfortable around them. Families provide a solid foundation for a child. It is in the family set-up that a child develops their personality right from the onset. As they grow up, a child tries to find their footing and being in a family gives them a sense of belonging. The safety in a family gives them confidence as they grow and thrive well into unique persons. One of the key values that are taught and well instilled in children is respect. They are taught to respect not only others but also self. This, in turn, raises their self-esteem and makes it easy for them to relate to other people. Any relationship they build is based on trust as opposed to suspicions because they have been taught well. Religion and other beliefs are passed down. .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c , .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .postImageUrl , .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c , .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c:hover , .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c:visited , .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c:active { border:0!important; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c:active , .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u475d9de24de6e65619a4a6d2d6064a2c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gandhi EssayFor the religious folk, there is no better place to pass down their beliefs from one generation to another, like in a family set-up. From a very young age, children are taught and practice the religion that the parents subscribe to. For some families, there are important generational attributes that are passed down the family. These could be recipes, attire, secrets among others. This brings about a sense of belonging and pride for the family. It also helps build trust as the members are expected to keep it within the family and not disclose to outsiders. In conclusion, while there are many topics that can be outlined, the family unit still holds a special place in society. While more types of family emerge every other day, the place of the family can never be underplayed. It will always remain as the core unit where respect, values, and trust are built. We’re all a product of the family foundation, and therefore, we should strive to ensure that families are allowed to thrive. Together with my fellow college students, we acknowledge the role that the family has played in bringing us this far. I am glad that I have a family that cares for me, and siblings that trust me to walk together through the journey of life, and respect me for who I am and these are important for every individual.

Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus Essay Example

Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus Paper The Identified Learning Need Patients with diabetes have very comprhensive learning needs. The learning needs are focused on managing their glucose levels and preventing complications of diabetes. Learning needs for the patient with diabetes are complex and include: monitoring blood glucose levels, menu planning, exercise, medications, skin care, management of co-existing disease processes, knowledge of medications, knowledge of the disease process and how to manage hypo/pyperglycemia. Many of these patients are unaware that diabete mellitus requires lifestyle changes, especially in the areas of nutrition and physical activity. The main goal of the teaching plan is to provide the patient with the knowledge to be able to make self-directed behavioral changes to improve their overall health and manage their diabetes (Franz, 2001). Behavioral Objectives for the teaching plan The patient will be able to describe the diabetic medications that they are on and how to properly take the medication. The patient will be able to perform self-monitoring of blood glucose using a blood glucose meter as evidenced by demonstration of the technique to the nurse. The patient will be able to demonstrate proper skin and foot care. The patient will be able to describe the benefits of regular exercise and how regular exercise can improve blood glucose control. Teaching Plan Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus 2 The diabetes teaching plan is aimed at helping the patient make educated lifestyle changes that will promote health and a stable blood glucose level. Each patient needs a comprehensive treatment approach. This includes: (a) an individualized food/meal plan, (b) education related to diabetes mellitus and nutrition, and  © mutually agreed-upon short term and long term goals for lifestyle changes. The teaching plan should stress the importance of complying with the prescribed treatment program. This plan should be tailored to the individuals needs, abilities, and developmental stage. We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The plan should include: diet, medication administration, possible adverse effects of medication, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, hygiene, and the prevention and recognition of hypo/hyperglycenia (McGovern, 2002). Teaching Sessions Day 1 General overview of diabetes (2 hours) Day 2 Blood glucose monitoring and goals od blood glucose monitoring (3 hours) Day 3 Medications and Insulin (2-3 hours) Day 4 Complications from diabetes (1 hour) Skin and foot care (0. 5 hour) Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus 4 Exercise and Diabetes (1. 5 hours) Day 5 Diet and Diabetes (2 hours) Coping with Diabetes (1 hour) Day 6 Questions and Answers (1 hour) Review of any concepts requested by patients (1 hour) General Overview of Diabetes Patients need to understand what diabetes is. Patients who understand what diabetes is and the complicated process associated with the disease are more likely to comply with the prescribed treatment regimen. Explain to the patient that diabetes is a syndrome with disordered metabolism and inappropriate hyperglycemia due to either a deficiency of insulin secretion or to a combination of insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion to compensate (Davis, 2001). Understanding will increase the patients willingness to make the necessary lifestyle changes. Provide the patient with written material that they can refer to at a later time. Testing Blood Glucose Levels Testing blood glucose levels pre-meal and post-meal can help the patient with diabetes make better food choices, based on how their bodies are responding to specific foods. Patients should be taught specific directions for obtaining an adequate blood sample and what to do with the numbers they receive. Patients who have had education on the use of   their meters and how to interpret the data are more likely to preform self-glucose monitoring on a regular basis Franz, 2001). There are many different glucose monitors available for patients. The patient needs to have a device that is easy to use and convenient. A patients visual aquity and dexterity skills should be assessed prior to selecting a blood glucose monitor. Remind the patient to record the blood glucose values on a log sheet with the date and time and any associated signs and symptoms that he/she is experiencing at the time. This log should be shared with the primary care practitioner. A discussion of why the test is done, how it is performed, and how the health care provider will use the information should be included. Visual aids depicting the correct procedure can be helpful in allowing the patient to see the step by step instructions for using the glucose meter. Allow the patient to use the selected glucose meter to show that they understand the process and allow for feedback. Medications and Insulin The patient with diabetes needs to be reminded that the addition of medications to help manage his/her diabetes is not because they are failing at diet management. Many patients with diabetes become depressed or despondent when they have to begin taking oral medications and/or insulin. The teaching session should include a review of the different types of oral diabetic agents as well as the different types of insulins and how to mix insulins. Teach the patient about self -administration of insulin or oral agents prescribed, and the importance of taking medications exactly as prescribed (Davis, 2001). Provide the Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus 6 patient with a list of signs and symptoms of hypo/hyperglycemia and actions to take in each situation. Have the patient relate to you the correct way to take the prescribed medication and if insulin is ordered to demonstrate self-administration. Complications from Diabetes Teaching regarding the complications encountered from diabetes should stress the effect of blood glucose control on long-term health (McGovern, 2002). The patient should be taught how to watch for diabetic effects on the cardiovascular system, such as CVA, CADaught to be alert for signs of urinary tract infection, respiratory tract infections and signs of renal disease. Assessment for signs of diabetic neuropathy should also be included in the teaching plan. Diabetes is also the leading cause of new blindness (McGovern, 2002). Patients should also be taught the importance of cessastion of smoking, cholesterol and lipid management, blood pressure monitoring, the effects of alcohol consumption on diabetes, and management of other disease processes. Skin and Footcare Skin and foot care should be stressed. Teach the patient to care for his/her feet by washing them daily, drying them carefully particularly between the toes, and inspecting for corns, calluses, redness, swelling, bruises, blisters, and breaks in the skin. Encourage the patient to report any changes to their health care provider as soon as possible. Advise the patient to wear non-constricting shoes and to avoid walking barefoot. The patient needs to be reminded that they should treat all injuries, cuts and blisters particularly on Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus 7 he legs or feet carefully. Patients should be aware that foot problems are a common problem for diabetics. Inform them of what to look for is an important teaching concern. The signs and symptoms of foot problems to emphasize are: feet that are cold, blue or black in color, feet that sre warm and red in color, foot swelling, foot pain when resting or with activity, weak pulses in the feet, not feeling pain although there is a cut or sore on the foot, shiny smooth skin on the foot and lower legs. (American Diabetes Association, 2010). Exercise and Diabetes A moderate weight loss of ten to twenty pounds has been known to improve hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. More emphasis is now placed on waist circumference greater than 40 inches in men and greater than 35 inches in women which indicates a risk for metabolic disease. This now part of what is referred to as metabolic syndrome. Reducing abdominal fat increase insulin sensitivity as well as lipid profiles. The benefits from exercise result from regular, long term, and aerobic exercise (Franz, 2001). The following points should be considered in educating patients regarding an exercise program: the program must be individualized and built up slowly, insulin is more rapidly absorbed when injected into a limb that is exercised and can result in hypoglycemia, the program should include a five to ten minute warm-up and cool-down session, research shows that similar benefits occur when activity is done in shorter sessions(approx. 10 minutes) accumulated throughout the day than in activity sessions of Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus 8 rolonged sessions greater than 30 minutes (Ferri, 1999). Diet and Diabetes The food/meal plan is based on the individuals appetite, preferred foods, and usual schedule of food intake and activities, and cultural preferences. Determination of caloric needs varies considerably among individuals, and is based on present weight and current level of energy. Required calories is about 40kcal/kg or 20kcal/lb per day for adults with normal activity patterns (Davis, 2001). Emphasis should be placed on maintaining a consistent day-to-day carbohydrate intake at meals and snacks. It is the carbohydrates that have the greatest impact on glycerin. Maintaining a food diary can help identify areas of weakness and how to prepare better menus (Franz, 2001,p13). Coping with Diabetes The patient needs to understand that diabetes is a lifelong disease process that requires a lifetime commitment and lifestyle changes. It is a chronic illness that can be unexpected and potentially devastating. Grief is the most common reaction of an individual diagnoses with diabetes. Resolution of the grief is dependent on variables such as education, economics, geography, and religious and cultural factorrs. Depression is common with chronic diseases such as diabetes and should be treated promptly since depression can affect glycemic control and complicate the management of the diabetes (Buttaro, 1999). The patient should be educated about empowerment -having the Teaching Plan for Diabetes Mellitus 9 resources and knowing how and when to use them. The skills of empowerment help the patient reflect on life satisfaction in the following areas: physical, mental, spiritual, family related, social, work related, financial, personal. Encourage the patient to establish goals which emphasize at least two of these areas in which he/she has control. Assist the patient in developing better problem solving skills, and include stress management concepts. Evaluation: the client will Be able to describe what diabetes is. Demonstrate the correct procedure for self-glucose monitoring Show understanding in taking the prescribed medication and/or demonstrate elf-insulin administration. Be able to describe the complications of diabetes, skin and foot care, and explain their dily exercise routine. Be able to plan a daily meal/menu appropriate for their individual needs. Will be able to relate ways of coping with their disease effectively, and name some of the support groups/agencies available for assistance. References: American Diabetes Association (ADA) http://www. diabetes. org Buttaro, T. M. ,Trybulski,J. ,Baily,P. P. ,Sandberg-Cook,J. (1999). Primary Care: A Collaborative Practice. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, Inc. Davis, A. (2001), Adult Nurse Practitoner: Certification Review. Philadelphia, PA; Mosby, Inc. Ferri, F. (1999). Clinical Advisor: Instant Diagnosis and Treatment. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, Inc. Franz, M. (Ed. ) (2001). Diabetes Management Therapies: A Core Curriculum for Diabetes Education. 4th Edition. Chicago, Il: American Association of Diabetes Educators. McGovern, K. , Delvin, M. , Lange, E. , and Mann, N. (Eds. ) (202). Disease Management for Nurse Practitioners. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse Corporation.

Flanner Oconners A Good Man Is Hard To Find Essays -

Flanner O'conner's A Good Man Is Hard To Find Flannery O'Connor's A Good Man is Hard to Find A Good Man is Hard to Find presents a masterful portrait of a woman who creates a self and a world through language. (Shenck 220) At least that is what Mary Jane Shenck thinks of the Flannery O'Connor story. Several different people have several different views of this controversial and climatic work of O'Connor's. In this paper I will take a look at these different views of different situations and characters in this book. First we will take a look at grandmother. She is made to look like the saint in this story. Her, in contrast to the rest, is the good person, always looking out for the best of others. She is not going on vacation, she is going to visit her connections in Tennessee. While on the drive, to their destination, she sits and admires the scenery as the others are more interested in the funny papers or the sports section. She brings the cat along on the trip for the good of the cat. She didn't want the cat to accidently kill himself by turning on the gas on the stove or something. She is the Christ-like figure of this story, and this is more relevant at the end of the story when she confronts the Misfit. Just like in so many other O'Connor stories the grandmother, the good character, is going to take the hardest fall. The Misfit appears many different ways in this story. His first appearance in the story he seems to be a scholar. Wearing his silver-rimmed glasses and a black hat. This description would also fit a description of a rabbi. This image comes just by looking at his head. His shirtless torso and blue jeans, which didn't quite fit right, and gun in hand, kind of veer us away from thinking of him as being a good man. Of course the limitations of his character don't stop at his appearance. He also is a record keeper. He writes down everything he does and signs it. This way he knows what he has done and what he hasn't. He tells the grandmother this before killing her. The reason for doing this, in the Misfit's mind, is so that he can match up the crime with the punishment and see if they are right for each other. If they are not then you know that the system hasn't done their job correctly. He knows that his punishment is no mistake because he wrote down his actions. He respects the power of the words because they define what he does. The other identity mask that the Misfit puts on is the mask of the Lone Ranger. He, though, is not looked upon as a white Lone Ranger, but a black Lone Ranger. The mixture of good and evil inside of him is a meanness in whole. He feels that he has saved the grandmother by shooting her. He even turns to one of his two henchmen, Bobby Lee, and tells him something along the line of that she would have been a good woman if she would have had someone there to shoot her all the time. The only pleasure that the Misfit got out of killing grandmother is the meanness behind the action.. (Schaub 233) Now we take a look at the ending. The family had an accident on a back road, flipping their car. This occurred all because of grandmother. She told Bailey that the old plantation was along this way, and that the mansion had a secret panel in it. The kids went nuts to see this passage, and Bailey, the father, gave in and took them down this road to see it. The cat got uncomfortable from the whole situation and jumped on Bailey's shoulder, causing the accident. If grandmother would have left the cat at home, like Bailey wanted her to, or even had not made up this story of the secret panel, then this accident would not have happened. When the Misfit and his gang show up the Misfit has his two henchmen, Bobby Lee and Hiram, kill the family. First taking Bailey and John Wesley,

Teen Pegnancy

Teen Pegnancy Free Online Research Papers Teen pregnancy is one of the most difficult experiences a young person might ever face when it interrupts school or other plans. It can create an emotional crisis resulting in feelings of shame and fear, and it may appear that you will crumble under pressures in your environment. The stress of how you are going to break this news to your parents might be even greater, and finding help may seem an impossible task.You might think no one can help you, or you might be too embarrassed to search for help. However, denying the pregnancy or ignoring it can only make things worse for you and your baby. Denial will not take the pregnancy away; instead, you will lose the time you could have invested in prenatal care and counseling. You have options, and making a choice may be simple or difficult, depending on your situation. Check resources carefully and try to give yourself the opportunity to make the best informed decision possible. Research Papers on Teen PegnancyPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesStandardized TestingHip-Hop is ArtTrailblazing by Eric AndersonEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenTwilight of the UAWAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

IKEAs business model and sources of competitive advantage Essay

IKEAs business model and sources of competitive advantage - Essay Example What is best about IKEA’s furniture is that although it is cheap, yet it is stylish and durable. IKEA’s business model is based on maintaining low cost structure so that it can continue to deliver its promise of low price and good quality lifestyle to its customers. IKEA has very carefully managed to keep its cost structure low by practicing a few strategies. For instance, it has chosen suppliers from different parts of the world and maintained strong and long term relationship with them by offering them office facilities and technologies to carry out their business smoothly. IKEA focuses on efficiency though long production runs so as to entice investors and bring down the cost structure. The raw material needed for the manufacturing of furniture is chosen carefully without any interference of third party; expensive wood is replaced by less expensive and good quality raw material. To further reduce its cost structure, IKEA’s furniture arrives at the stores in disassembled parts in flat packaging along with instruction manuals; this not only lowers the transportation costs but offers ease of handling to the customers. Unlike other stores in the category, IKEA’s stores are located in the outskirts and only few are owned by the company. Franchising is a good option for lowering the cost structure and IKEA has taken it up religiously. Moreover, IKEA ensures that it does not rely on one supplier for the manufacture of a single product. Take an example, for an IKEA chair, the seat is supplied by a manufacturer who is in one corner of the world, legs come from a supplier from another corner and nuts and screws are supplied from totally different regions. IKEA’s furniture designs are basically Scandinavian with little or no modifications. These designs are considered outclass and accepted widely in non Scandinavian countries equally. However in some regions the customers’ exhibit displeasure towards Scandinavian designs because the items do not fulfill their cultural and personal needs. Apart from all the good steps taken by IKEA to maintain cost leadership, there is still room for weaknesses which must be addressed to as to strengthen the brand image. Although IKEA has expanded its operations in major territories of the world for earning more revenues but it has failed to understand is that every country has different culture, demand, taste and most of all, legislations which it has to abide by. Since these factors vary from country to country, it has come to IKEA as a big challenge to meet the customer and co untry’s requirements while maintaining cost leadership. Because IKEA promises low priced furniture to its customers, innovation is not seen much because bringing in new designs can disturb the cost structure. Sometimes IKEA fails to understand that one size fits all cannot hold in the line of furniture. Scandinavian designs might be appealing to countries in the Europe and nearby but cannot please the Americans in the same manner. The stores of IKEA are located outside the cities as per the low cost strategy. This causes the customers to travel long distances so they prefer to make purchases from nearby stores. We have learned from the given case study that IKEA has chosen cost leadership to be its core aim and strategy but only this one factor is not enough for its survival. It has to have more points of differentiation because when other competitors in the industry bring their prices down and offer quality and superior customer service, then chances are likely that customer loyalty and brand image of IKEA will drop

American Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American Community - Essay Example Indeed, and as the case of example of the Asian American immigrants establishes, not only are groups divided between themselves but, within themselves. Affirmative action, primarily targeting the African American community, is alternately viewed as a means of leveling the playing ground and as a discriminatory practice. Insofar as its proponents are concerned, affirmative action effectively ensures that colleges and universities, among other institutions, maintain a quota for African American candidates/students. In this way, African Americans are assured a place in institutions which would have otherwise been closed to them, largely because of their socio-economic circumstances and, as such given an invaluable opportunity for mobility. It is important to note here that proponents regard affirmative action as society's responsibility towards the African American community and, the least of that which is owed them. Opponents, on the other hand, inclusive amongst which are some members of the African American community, maintain that affirmative action is inherently discriminatory and racist. ... rican American community does suffer from a more restricted range of opportunities than does the majority and in light of the fact that latent racism may further constrain these opportunities, affirmative action is necessary. Indeed, rather than consider it a negative remark on the abilities of African Americans, it could be more properly understood as a policy predicated on a lack of faith in society's own ability to judge African Americans on their own merit, rather than their skin color. Further fortifying the importance of affirmative action is the status of African Americans on all of the socio-economic indicators versus that of a comparatively recent immigrant group, the Asians. In direct comparison to the African American's close to four centuries of history in the United States, the Asian American's history in the United States is short, with the first immigration wave dating to the mid-nineteenth century. This first influx of Asian immigrants was almost wholly comprised of Chinese manual laborers. Before this ethnic population could swell in numbers, Chinese immigration exclusionary measures were instigated in 1882, effectively halting Chinese immigration while encouraging Japanese Asian immigration. Eventually, however, discriminatory policies, halted Asian immigration to America from the 1920s to the 1960s. Anti-Asian sentiments, as which instigated the implementation of discriminatory and exclusionary immigration policies, reached its peak during World War II. Japan's alliance with Nazi Germany and most especially its attack on Pearl Harbor, led to widespread violence against Asian Americans. Indeed, following the said attack, Japanese Americans were interned in camps, unthinkingly classified as enemies despite the fact that many had been born in

Nintendo Reviving a Company Transforming a Market Case Study

Nintendo Reviving a Company Transforming a Market - Case Study Example Yes. Nintendo has tried its best to keep the game appealing for long. Nintendo put in vast sums of money to make sure Wii’s accomplishment does not disappear like many of the games consoles developed prior to this period. Nintendo created many games, for example, Zelda and Super Mario. Nintendo merged with two other corporations to guarantee new games string and launched games, for example, Capcom for the Wii gaming Console and Final Fantasy. The Wii is here to stay because the release of these games will go beyond appealing to gamers and raise the Wii’s impression to one dominating the industry. It is in the conclusion of the evolution stage and the start of the maturity stage. Nintendo is utilizing a superb marketing mix technique. This is because they have developed a famous product and are experiencing an immense growth. When the company’s growth started to stagnate, they started developing additional, innovative and creative product enhancements and features to keep clients fascinated. For example, it has introduced the steering wheel, balanced board, and competitors’ video games such as Monster Hunter and Final Fantasy series. The company is making correct decisions by innovating, inventing and intensifying the product. This will extend the deterioration of the product. Nintendo should look into the future before the Wii product finishes the maturity phase and moves into the waning phase. Nintendo will have to either add other dimensions of interactivity or contest with other superior products from other companies. The Wii should concentrate on targeting young children and hard core gamers. Nintendo should build on the motion-sensing control technology and basic graphics; this will fascinate any client. Nintendo should also concentrate on promotion, product, placement and price. The next product should provide different customizations and features and be a development on the previous product. The price should

English Has Become A Global Language

English Has Become A Global Language There are numerous different languages are being used throughout the world. Since there are too many different languages, a global language is produced. A language can achieve this status only when it is important to the world activities such as communication between countries, trading between different countries across the world and culture. It plays an important role and it is recognized by every country (Crystal, 2003). Crystal (2003) reports that English has already reached this stage and there are nearly a quarter of the worlds population around 1.2 to 1.5 billion people is already know and use English. Nowadays, English is the most widely spoken language in the world. English has become a global language not because of it is both easy to learn and is superior to other language but it has strong power base. The thesis of this essay is divided into a few parts, first look at what is a global language and what makes a language global then why English become a global language. Global language means a language which is using around the world and it is important to the world operation and influencing the domains of the human activity in the world. For example, global language is usually uses to write songs, use to trading throughout the world and communication between countries in the world. Global language is important to the world operation and a global language is needed in the world. A language has two mains ways to become global. It can be an official language and foreign language of countries. Official language means a language which wildly used as medium of communication, such as media, the domains as government and the education system (Crystal, 2003). It also can be the first language of few countries. Crystal (2003) claims that a language can have a global status when it is used by other countries around the world. Since a language cannot become global only use by itself. Foreign language means a language teaching in school which has no official status. A mother-tongue language becomes the foreign language and the official language is the step to make the language become global since a language cannot have a global status when it is not taken by the other countries. And English has finished the step to become an international language. English has become an international language not because it is easy to learn. There is no language is easy to learn and better, the difficulty of a language is depend on different learner and Lutz (2010) points that it depends on which level of the learner want to achieve, the higher level, the more difficult. Ellis (1985) says that age, aptitude, cognitive style, motivation and personalities are the five main aspects which separate individual learner differences in a different level. This means the difficulty of language are depends on learner. Ellis (1985) reports that aptitude is a main factor to divides the language learner to different level. If a learner has a good aptitude and a effective way to study a second language, the language will become easier. Learner motivation also is a important factor that make a learner learn a second language success. A learner can likely learn a second language to be success when the motivation is high. Crystal (2003) reports that the intrinsic structural properties, the size of its vocabulary or it has been a vehicle of a great literature in the past or it was once associated with a great culture or religion are the motivation of some learner to learn a language but not the reasons make the language become global. English has become an international language also not because it is superior to other language. Crystal (2003) says that there are many people claim that a language can become global because its sense beauty, clear expression or religious standing and these are the misleading beliefs. Language can become a global language not because the beauty of the language and the number of people who speak it but who speak the language. There are some properties of English makes it become global appealing but the characteristics of the language are not the main reason to be worth to learn but the relative importance between the language characteristics and the internationally value. This make a language be more appealing but not superior to the other languages. English may be more appealing than other languages but not superior to languages. Crystal (2003) says that language can become a global language not because the beauty of the language and the number of people who speak it but who speak the language. English can become a world language mainly because of the strong military power and economic power. Crystal (2003) shows that a language cannot become global without strong power-bases, such as political power, military power and economic power. These are the dominance of the language which makes a language become global. The military power is the main reason to make a language become a global language. When a country has a strong military power, the others need to listen to the language spoken by the people in that country. Which means it makes that language is used in many countries. Between the world war two, Britain set up a lot of colonies. English became the official language and foreign language of the colonies. This is very important to be the official language and foreign language of the colonies because it is a important step to make a language become global. English must be taken by others countries to become global because a language cannot become global when it is only use by the countries which English is the mother-tongue. So English become the official language and foreign language of the colonies becomes the base of English to become a global language. an economic power is still needed to maintain and expand the status of the language. Economically power became a main aspect which maintain and expand the status in the start of twentieth century. The economic start to growth and develop around the world and there are many new markets were born. There were many new technology are invent. Communication between countries is needed to develop the economic and market. Country has a stronger economically power, the first language of that country will become more important and it can maintain it longer and expand it to larger through the economy. Crystal (2003) claims that Britain had be come the worlds headmost industrial and trading country at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The growth of economy of the English is the fastest in the world. These built the foundation of English in the world through the colonies and the economy. These are the two mains reasons to give English a global status. In conclusion, English has become an international language is not because it is both easy to learn and is superior to other language because there is no language is superior to other language and the difficultly of a language is depend on the individual learner differences. The reasons why English can become a global language because the military and the economic power of the countries which speak English And English was in the right place at the right time. (Crystal, 2003:7-10) English set up the base to the world through out the world by Britain colonies. English is also maintained and expended by the economically power and military power of Britain and USA. That the reason why English can become the global language and why English can still be the global language until now.

Huckleberry Finn: A Good Role Model :: essays research papers

Huckleberry Finn: A Good Role Model "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" gives a visual look at the time in which the author Samuel Clemens lived. He explains how he felt about his life through the eyes of a young boy named Huckleberry Finn. Huckleberry Finn has many adventures that teach him life lessons we can learn from today. Although there are differing opinions on whether Huck Finn is a good role model for today's young people, I will explain why I think he is. Huck is a good role model for several reasons. First, he believes that slavery is wrong. He believes in treating people equally regardless of color. When Huck sees the widow's runaway slave Jim on Jackson's Island, he has mixed emotions about what he should say and do. He feels badly that the widow is going to sell Jim and separate him from his family. Huck decides against better reasoning to help Jim escape down the Mississippi River to Cairo. Another example of good role modeling is Huck's faithfulness to those he loves and cares for. Huck lies to protect Jim on several occasions. Lying is not the best thing, but to Huckleberry, the truth is not always a black and white issue. He is faithful to his friends and chooses friendship instead. He knows that Jim's family needs him. In today's language, Huckleberry's reaction to Jim's situation would reflect what Spock of Star Trek says, â€Å"The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few.† An illustration of another positive side of Huck shows us that he has a good and true heart, and the best intentions even though they may not turn out right. For example, the widow tells Huck to pray for the dinner they are having. Huck's interpretation is, â€Å"God thank you for the meal and if you get the chance, please let me catch a big catfish.† The widow tells Huck that he shouldn't pray for material things. Huck disagrees because his Sunday School teacher teaches him to pray to God for what you want, and it will be granted. The widow tells him that the teacher is talking about spiritual things. He still disagrees, and is sent to his room. Even though his intentions are the best, he still comes up short; but he keeps on trying. Finally, Huckleberry Finn thinks life is precious and shouldn't be wasted. This is the most important lesson he can teach today's young people. He and Jim find themselves in a situation as they are floating down the Mississippi River in the fog.

Ontology in Anselm, Descartes and Kant Essay

Ontology is a purported proof that God exists. The ontology provided by St. Anselm in the eleventh century set the standard in Western thought, and on which all subsequent ontology attempted to measure itself. Before the renaissance and the age of reason it was generally agreed that only a fool would deny the existence of God. Accordingly the ontology of St. Anselm employs the attitude of a fool – meaning some one without any of the higher concepts of philosophy – as the crux of the argument. The argument commences with a definition of God: â€Å"Now we believe that [the Lord] is something than which nothing greater can be thought† (81). The association made is to perfection, for only in perfection can we conceive nothing beyond. In traditional attempts at ontology the strategy was to find God amongst the splendor of his creation. Anselm, however, eschewed the evidence of experience and tried to affect a proof from pure thought. It is placed in the head of a simpleton, and in this way is made to appear as stemming from the innate mind, and not clouded by the errors of perceptual understanding. Anselm’s fool wants to cling to the idea that â€Å"God is not!† But such atheism does not strangle the thought processes inside the head. It necessarily searches for perfection, that being the natural inclination of man, which is to seek happiness, comfort, order, and so on. Can the fool imagine perfection, asks Anselm. The answer is that he cannot. For whatever ideal it fixes on, the mind surges past it for something even better. However, this relentless ascendancy within the mind presages the existence of perfection therein, for otherwise the mind chases after nothing. Now, since we have already identified perfection with God, the mind imagines God, and indeed strives towards it. Existence in the mind will not suffice as ontology. Therefore, as the next step in the argument, Anselm attempts to measure the idea with reality. We must next consider whether that which has been imagined as perfect has a corresponding reality beyond the mind. If it does not then we have a contradiction. For being in the mind alone we are then able to imagine something even greater than it. That which was imagined as perfect now turns out have something that is more perfect than it. Anselm is sure that he has found a contradiction here. So he proceeds to conclude:   â€Å"Therefore, there is no doubt that something than which a greater cannot be thought exists both in the understanding and in reality† (82). Descartes, though largely accepting this ontology, doesn’t accept the contradiction derived in the final step. He argues that reality has not been introduced at all, but only an idea if reality. In the final analysis the entire ontology is taking place in the head. It is an imagined God that Anselm proves, says, Descartes, not a real one. His correction, therefore, was to consider the phenomenal world after all. In this manner he laid out what has famously come to be known as â€Å"Cartesian doubt†. The world of sensory experience, when examined philosophically, naturally induces doubt, for all perspectives are subjective. It is impossible to construe an objective form subjective sensory experience. But instead of holding back doubt Descartes allows it full reign. He starts to explore what else can be doubted. Soon it is found that not only material reality, but also all the perceptions and ideas of the mind must also be doubted, for they all stem from the same faculty of understanding. But his doubting reach must come to and end eventually, when he comes to consider consciousness itself. Descartes discovers that he is unable to doubt the â€Å"I†, for it is the â€Å"I† itself that is doubting, i.e. thinking. Thus his famous conclusion, â€Å"Cogito, ergo sum† – I think, therefore I am (68). From the proof of self-existence to the proof of God is a simple step. A self that is subject to doubt is imperfect, and therefore implies the existence of Creator who is perfect. Kant, in turn, comes to dismiss both these attempts at ontology on the simple premise that existence is not a predicate. In other words, it is meaningless to say simply â€Å"God is.† Our concepts of understanding allow us to apply reason in the form of sentences that contain both subject and predicate. So that we can say that ‘God is good’, or that ‘God is merciful’. But simply ‘God is’ is not meaningful, and human understanding does not allow such speculation. In effect, Kant is saying that ontology is not possible. This is in concord with the rest of Kant’s philosophy, which emphasizes that we are not able to pronounce on the noumenal world, i.e. on â€Å"things in themselves†. He describes three categories of noumena – the soul, the material world, and God, the last being the source of the first two. Therefore God is definitely part of Kant’s philosophical scheme, only that he remains beyond human understanding, and we cannot even pronounce on God is the simplest form – ‘God is.† Just as we cannot know anything about the soul, or the material world, as things in themselves, but only come to know the consequences of them. Our understanding is limited to the phenomenal world, where practical reason applies. Kant also speculates on the existence of a transcendental â€Å"pure reason†, that which overcomes the anomalies of practical reason. Pure reason is identified as an end in itself, and is thus identified with perfection. He stipulates it as a moral imperative that we pursue â€Å"pure reason† as the highest goal. Yet he refuses to identify this perfection with God, and differs with Anselm on this point. He also differs with Descartes’ ‘cogito, ego sum’, and complains that logic is being applied to derive existence, the rationale being that the part cannot be used to explain the whole. The least objectionable ontology, in my opinion, is that of St. Anselm’s. To make this point I will show that the refutations put forward by Descartes and Kant are not appropriate. Descartes’ complaint was that the proof given by Anselm is wholly ideal, without reference to the phenomenal world to give it substance. But Anselm does indeed refer to the phenomenal world, when he introduces the postulate that the ideal of perfection has no corresponding existence in the real world. In fact on this postulate the entire argument hinges, for it is used to derive the contradiction, from whence the ontology ensues. â€Å"Cartesian doubt† a merely a long-winded way of coming to the same conclusion. Kant’s complaint, on the other hand, is not really an argument at all, but rather a boast that he has not has to use the words â€Å"God exists† anywhere in his philosophy. For to pick on the grammar of â€Å"God exists† on the justification that the noumenal world is unknowable is taking matters too strictly. Even accepting Kant’s theory, it is not right that we desist from pronouncing the existence of God. He may not have done so explicitly, but Kant does indeed pronounce of the existence of God in the implicit sense. As a moral precept to action he gives us the categorical imperative: â€Å"I am never to act otherwise than so that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law† (13). The universal law is pertaining to the moral law, which is described as an end itself, and therefore is no different from the idea of perfection. An imperative is only categorical when it works universally, without contingency. To paraphrase Kant, the rationale of human existence is to pursue the moral life in order to attain to perfection, in other words, God. Other than the fastidious insistence of grammar, Kant does not really object to Anselm’s ontology. With both Descartes’ and Kant’s objections discredited, Anselm’s ontology must stand as the best, being the simplest and most intuitive. Works Cited Anselm. Basic Writings. Translated by Thomas Williams. Boston: Hackett Publishing, 2007. Descartes, Rene. Meditations on First Philosophy: With Selections from the Objections and Replies. Translated by John Cottingham. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Kant, Immanuel. Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2004.   

Development and how to make a world a better place

Development and how to make a world a better place Define development and how it is measuredDevelopment is the process where something has advanced or progressed into a more advanced stage. International Development has the goal that poverty should be reduced. International Development rebuilds an economy that has been ruined or impacts all sort of important factors needed for a nation's well being. This is not a short-term process instead it tries to solve several problems over several decades or more. International Development is usually measured in two different ways. Most people prefer GNP or known as gross national product because it is easier to understand. HDI is another of these measurements of developments and is viewed as more accurate to experts.GNP is more inaccurate because it only gives the average of how much each person has in the nation. It is only an average and extremes like billionaires can overwhelm the poorest people in the country. It is generally known that half the world lives on 2 US dollars everyday.English : 2010 HDI (Very High) nations graph by pop...Perhaps there might be a rich country in GNP merely by the fact that some people are extremely rich and can easily increase the GNP even though the poverty stricken people outnumber the rich.The human development index contains three indexes that partly measure the countries development. Life Expectancy Index, Education Index and GDP Index. Life Expectancy Index shows an average of the maximum amount of years a person can live in the country. Education Index shows how many people are literate and another complicated factor of GEI. GEI is the Gross Enrolment Index. The Gross Enrolment Index combines primary, second and tertiary gross enrolment ratio. According to the Human Development Report Website that is part of the UNDP explained,' The number of students enrolled in a level of education, regardless of age, as a...

Importance of an EU Regional Policy

Importance of an EU Regional Policy Introduction The European Union was created with the aim of contributing economic growth and development of European countries through establishing a common currency and a single market. According to economics, breaking down existing barriers will cause the escalation of positive economic effects through efficiency and redirection of resources to cost-effective investments.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of an EU Regional Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, equal distribution of profits among the members in freely competing markets is not possible. Newly entering member states having different conditions received different end results from the integration. This uneven distribution within the integration may be hindered by cohesion thus a need for regional policy. The European Union regional policy covers all European regions and consists of three objectives: employment and regional competitiv eness, convergence as well as territorial cooperation (Cini, 2003). The regional policy environment has however become very complex and regional policy makers at the national and EU levels are facing the key challenge of globalization. The increasing internalization of economy, the removal of trade barriers within the EU, technological change and the shift towards knowledge-based economy has been actively restructuring the competitive advantage of regions and countries (Boldrin Canova, 2001). Arguments for EU regional Policy The main argument for the EU regional policy is the presence of large income disparities within the EU. In the Treaty of Rome signed in 1957, the goal of the EU regional policy was aimed at strengthening the economic units of the community as well as ensuring their harmonic development according to Steinen (1991). In any economic unit, there will always be stronger and weaker territorial units in terms of dynamism and economic performance. It has been seen that regions in relative ascendancy and decline can be found in all member states. These disparities are not temporary aberrations but have persisted over long periods. National policies have been under heavy pressure from the effects of globalizations and have mainly focused on increasing competitiveness in areas where different countries can afford and handle.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the EU, uneven economic performance can be limited through a top-down approach in which the EU policy takes responsibility (Krugman Venables, 1999). Justification of a common EU policy has been provided on the grounds of solidarity. EU regional policy seeks to find spatial balance in economic development so as to ensure that all economies achieve their full potential. The EU regional policy also presses for cohesion within the member states and in the community as a whole. Ci ties such as London and Paris can be able to deal with any problems of deprivation in their worst affected territories while others such as Portugal and Greece have for a long time been unable to deal with regional disparities. Argument for a common EU policy can thus be made on an institutional capacity as well as in a political capacity. Some member states have been unable to institute internal cohesion policy or to develop proper priorities for such a policy. The EU on the other hand has developed a cohesion policy that relies on two basic measures: unemployment rates which is social cohesion and GDP per head that is economic cohesion (Midelfart-Knarvik Overman, 2002). Policy development and spending in the EU is based on a well researched model that seeks to improve weak areas so as they conform to the whole EU requirements. Regional policy at the national level has also been unable to adapt sufficiently to the ever changing economic environment. International competitive press ures have been slowly increasing with some countries unable to keep up. In many EU member states, the past few years have been described by rising numbers of unemployment, public expenditure constraints, structural change and productivity as well as concerns on international competitiveness (Wallace Wallace, 2000). Antagonism towards movement intervention has supported a market-led approach to economic development. Internalization of the economic environment has resulted in countries being unable to make sustainable long term planning and has rendered more regions susceptible to the rapid changes resulting from global market shifts. The EU structural funds have mainly concentrated on solving most of these issues according to Ehlermann (1995). Traditional policy instruments have been overhauled and a new direction has been developed. The focus on large-scale business aid and infrastructural aid has been abandoned in favor of softer policy measures. Financial aid has however proven t o be a more durable policy instrument capable of bringing policy makers and developing industries together in a positive policy environment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of an EU Regional Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another main problem is that spatial problems have become more complex and localized. Regions of urban decline described by social exclusion dominate parts of many cities in the member states. Focus on interpersonal and interregional disparities in prosperity is not always straight forward. At a spatial level, national policies have proven ineffective and EU regional policy instruments have proven to be better equipped in dealing with this issue (Cini, 2003). Regional policy objectives were created in terms of minimizing spatial disparities in economic growth, infrastructural provision and employment issues. Over the past 20 years, regional policy goals have been increasingly di rected towards optimizing the contribution of regional resources to the establishment of economic growth through promoting entrepreneurship and competitiveness. Spatial problems have been seen to be best solved through education, welfare and social measures. The EU policy focus is on wealth creation at the local level through Small Market Enterprises (SME) formation, skills formation, employment and innovation (Wilson, 2002). National regional problems have always been an obstacle to the cohesion of the community. There are wide disparities between the individual members of the community each having its own set of policies. In order to enable cohesion and reduce disparities, the Structural Funds were put in place and designed in a manner that those different classes of regions and member states were treated appropriately. Most of the money in the fund is targeted at low GDP regions matching the convergence objective. Fewer fiscal resources are available domestically for the low GDP countries in the region (Cini, 2003). These regions also have lesser institutional capacity and while it can be assumed that low GDP member states can profit from rapid growth while they strive to catch-up with the other richer states, this process has resulted in regional inequalities in GDP per head. Although the cohesion policy was created to ensure that economic development is balanced within the member states, there is a need for an EU regional policy that curbs the widening disparities (Ehlermann, 1995). The total Hungarian or Polish growth that attains the optimum catch-up path may be best supported by concentration of activity in the more developed parts of those countries with trickle down being expected to influence the other parts of the country. Such an approach however, may result in an enduring special imbalance that is evident in Italy (Wilson, 2000).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The growing interest in decentralization of government is changing attitudes to regional disparities and problems. National policies have been unable to keep up with the pressures of devolution and deconcentration in many member countries. These pressures resulted from a mix of social political, economic and cultural factors, and from reshaping the structure of governance (Cini, 2003). Due to the EU, there has been a significant shift of powers to lower government levels. However, this shift often takes place without the corresponding allocation of additional resources and devolution of revenue-raising powers. Intervention was required in economic development both in respect to the instruments required to address regional problems as well as the broader issues related to fiscal transfer systems. The EU policy debates have been dominated by changes in modes of governance (Boldrin Canova, 2001). The EU policy has been able to foster balance and ensure equity in economic development. In the UK, Italy and France, recent decisions reveal a more decentralized approach to regional policy making. A more coordinated approach to the EU policy both within the regions and centrally can be witnessed. The growing concern with political and economic consequences of regional inequality is also an issue that necessitates an EU regional policy. Due to the community, some countries feel that national political stability is under threat. In the 1990s, most countries sidelined questions about regional development (Krugman Venables, 1999). The relationship between sectoral and regional issues has not been fully established resulting in several problems. Member countries face pressures from major problems, such as dynamics of growth, external economic relations, macro-economic stability, and balance of payment. In most member states, concerns of regional differences and the marginalization of certain territories are still considered minor problems. The EU competition policy has ho wever introduced a new powerful shift between EU regional policies and national policies. The original treaty documents developed provisions for control of the state aid policies of member countries under the competition policies. The EU began to have an impact on the use of state aids as instruments of the regional policy in the early 60s, as soon as the treaty was developed (Steinen, 1991). Many scholars have argued that an effective cohesion policy can only result from a strict control of state aid. The EU competition policy has thus not only created a means to prevent the growth of regional inequality but has helped in shaping the coverage of other policies especially those under the realm of the structural funds. The EU community has been plagued by political squabbles and bureaucracy problems (Cini, 2003). A driver for change from reliance of national policies to EU regional policy has been the bureaucracy associated with Structural Fund implementation. It has been generally a ccepted that the implementation of funds carries with it a heavy administrative burden and substantial investment in institutional capacities at different levels. The negotiation of the Structural Funds regulation has made it clear the power of precedent in the European Community regional policymaking. According to different objectives, the EU regional policy has been able to quell differences in Structural Funds allocation and cut down on the bureaucracy involved in the process (Midelfart-Knarvik Overman, 2002). The EU policy has also influenced the allocation of EU funding within the national policy delivery system in most member countries. Some countries such as Spain, Germany and Austria have effectively included EU structural funding within their own national funding mechanisms while others such as UK and Sweden have set up different delivery systems for administering the funds and delivering programmes. Despite the mode of delivery, considerable policy transfers from the EU t o the national regional policies can be seen. Conclusion The EU is an integration initiative that has proven to be very effective and structured. There are however many different national policies that can affect the overall effectiveness of the EU cohesion objectives. It can be seen that national territorial policies can hinder the effectiveness of the EU regional policy. The thrust to achieve cohesion can lead to internal disparities as countries neglect some areas in order to succeed in others. The EU regional policy is concerned with overall development, reduction of poverty and increase in the GDP of member countries. Some urban policies in member states can steer resources to favored regions neglecting other areas. Another problem is the employment measures taken by member states that fail to contribute to the regional convergence of the community. The EU strives for the promotion of entrepreneurship and creation of SME’s within the member states in order to improve int ernational competitiveness and economic stability. Apart from this, national policies have been unable to deal with the decentralization of power required for the EU to prosper and the promotion of convergence. National policies have been unable to meet the main objectives set out during the formation of the EU. The main problem however has been that national policies hinder cohesion within the EU. There is a greater need for a comprehensive policy that understands and conforms to the needs of the EU and fosters convergences of the member states without fostering regional disparities. References Boldrin, M. Canova, F. 2001. Inequality and convergence in Europe’s regions: Reconsidering European regional policies. Economic Policy, 32, 207-245. Cini, M. 2003. European Union Politics. London: Oxford University Press. Ehlermann, C. 1995. State Aid Control in the European Union: Success or Failure?  Fordham International Law Journal 184, 1212-1229. Krugman, P.R., Venables, A. 1 999. The Spatial Economy: Cities. Regions and  International Trade. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. Midelfart-Knarvik, K. Overman, H. G. 2002. Delocation and European Integration: is Structural Spending Justified? Economic Policy, 35(10):323-359. Steinen, M. 1991. State Aid, Regional Policy and Locational Competition in the European Union. European Urban and Regional Studies, 41(1):19-31. Wallace, H. Wallace, W. 2000. Policy Making in the European Union. London: Oxford University Press. Wilson, T. 2000. Obstacles to European Union regional policy in the Northern Ireland borderlands. Human Organization, 122, 33-38.

Funding report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Funding report - Essay Example Funding for music comes in various shades and forms. It could be in the form of grants, education scholarships, competitions, free music promotion, recording contracts, and instrument and equipment funding. We could categorise the different types of music business funding based on by source of funds, geographical region where fund can be used and so on. In this paper we shall restrict the discussion to the different sources of funding for music businesses available to persons living within the UK. Towards the end of the paper we shall place an emphasis on funding for pop and rock music. Starting with sources of public funding, there are three main government funded bodies that offer funding for music in England. These are the Arts Council England, the British Council and UK Trade and Investment (UKTI). Local counties also offer funding in form of small grants to artists who reside within those counties. With internationalism and globalisation being the drivers of modern economy the three bodies have also taken steps to strengthen the British music brand internationally. Arts Council England provides grants to a diverse genre of music therefore competition is definitely high and success is generally determined by the artistic quality of the applicant’s work (Artistic Assessment n.d.). The Arts Council’s Grants for the Arts is open to any UK citizen or EU citizen so long as the majority of the funded activity takes place within England. However, up to 15% of any grant given could be spent on activities outside England (Artistic Assessment n.d.). The Arts Council also has an investment portfolio for music that includes more than 134 regularly funded organisations. The total financial support given to these organisations in 2008/09 was  £98 million, an amount that was to rise to  £104 million by 2010/11. This portfolio

What are the implications for the implementation of justice of the Essay

What are the implications for the implementation of justice of the unintended impact of the criminal justice process on ethnic minority people - Essay Example There are several issues that arise in coping with this problem. On the one hand, faith in the criminal justice system can be only restored if the members of the public achieve a level of confidence in the law enforcement process and its results. However, this confidence is being undermined, which has resulted in increased insecurity and sterner measures which are even more ineffective. Part of the reason for this may be seen in the imbalances that exist within the current judicial and law enforcement system as it exists in the UK today. The current composition of the common public has changed drastically from the way it was in the post World War II era. There has been a steady influx of immigrants from Asian and Afro-Caribbean countries as a result of which minority representation in the population is higher and the society has become multi cultural and multi ethnic. There is also a higher representation of female members of the community in the work force and in the criminal justice system. However, to counter balance this, there has been no corresponding rise in representation of these minorities and women in the law enforcement field and in the judicial arena which is still predominantly white and male. As a result, racism and prejudice have been noted within the criminal justice process which have proved detrimental to the interests of the minority communities and created imbalances by pushing a larger proportion of minority community members behind bars. The result of such increased incarceration is that members of the minority public lose their faith in the law enforcement system. An individual who has not been treated fairly by police officers nor given a fair verdict in the Courts as compared to his white contemporaries is likely to emerge bitter and mistrusting. Thus, while a prison sentence is intended to reform an individual and ensure that he or he does not slip back into a life of crime,

Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Industry - Essay Example The industry can be further divided into the types of automobiles/vehicles that are manufactured by the various companies that are presently dealing in this commodity. Vehicles can be categorized differently depending on their purpose and design from heavy duty to transportation purposes to leisure brands. The cars vary in size, cost and luxury, and there are cars available for every type of individual in the market from trucks to saloon cars. The automobile manufacturers supply a number of markets from private owners to companies who may require specific types of vehicles, for example, a construction company will require a number of heavy duty trucks to transport their material from one place to the other while a taxi service will require a large number of saloon cars to transport their clientele (J.D. Power). It is for this reason that the market structure of this industry can be referred to as an oligopolistic market despite the fact that they deal in basically what can be describ ed as the same product (that is, vehicles). The automobile industry is made up of 15 major companies which supply vehicles to the wide consumer base in need of cars (Schmitt). The market structure has allowed for the firms present in this industry to have a chance at fair competition as a manufacturer can determine to target either one segment of the market or decide to dabble in all the different types of vehicles. The fact that there are so many vehicles to choose from means that the competition for the market in this industry is not as harsh as others and organizations involved have enough wiggle room to operate without exactly worrying about being bullied out of their share of the market unless faced with extraordinary circumstances. Some firms choose to focus on one particular category of vehicles so as to set up a stronghold in that area which makes it easier for them to handle any competition that they may face (J.D. Power). For example, CAT mainly focuses on heavy duty machi nery that is used in industries like construction such as cranes and tractors and this has enabled it to establish a foothold in heavy duty machinery vehicles. The profit margin on the other hand is not as evenly shared out as the more popular car brands hold a majority of the market when it comes to private vehicles thus some companies can be said to hold a lion’s share of the profit when it comes to car sales. At the current moment, there are more firms exiting than entering the market due to the economic crisis that has hit various parts of the globe such as Europe leading to the reduction in car sales for a while which has meant that the less popular brands have been able to sell even fewer cars than usual (Eisenstein). The manufacturing of cars is not a business venture to be entered to light heartedly, and it costs a considerable amount of money to set up. Thus, if a company is not able to sell most of the cars that it produces they stand a chance of incurring losses at an alarmingly speedy pace that may through the company into an irrecoverable debt if the situation is not handled soon. A good example of this is the Chrysler Company that had to stop operations after failing to be able to move the required quota of cars that would have kept it afloat. The market for the product (that is, vehicles) can definitely said to be an international one as automobiles of all shapes and sizes can be found globally. Cars have

History revision Essay Example for Free

History revision Essay History- What historians chose to interpret from the surviving evidence of the past Source + Historians = Histories All historians have their own views and interests due to their upbringing hence that the process of selection and interpretation distorts our ‘knowledge’ further. Issues in historiography Training of historians Objectivity in history Oral societies and history Problems of historical research Universal history Evidence- selection Source- How? Truth- Consensuses Context/ Perspectives Selection- Who decides? Interpretation Revision Ideology- Reputation, perspective, emerging ideas, lack of evidence Language and technique- To place emphasis and how historians chose to say Methodology- How the way you put the sources? (cross-examine, verification) Facts in history History from ‘above or below’ Motive Judgement- Whose? Audience Linguistics History and Ideology- Political beliefs influence Explicit vs. Implicit Something clearly or implied Form of literature- poems, speech â€Å"What are historical facts? † – Carl Becker 1. History is subjective- personal desires and prejudices (history changes along with society’s values) 2. History is interpreted differently between people (interpreting what in the past is though) 3. History cannot be re-enacted as a series of events 4. History is written on how much the Historian can extract from the evidence and his knowledge- background, audience, purpose, motive. 5. History is pre-occupied with ‘cold’ and ‘hard’ facts and not small detail (the obvious history) Case Study: Herodotus The historian Born at Halicarnassus (485 BC – 425 BC) Exiled due to conspiring against Persians Merchant and traveller Greek Historian Cannot be free form bias (critical judgement) Educated (upper class) Harnessed ill feelings towards Persian Motive and Purpose for Writing â€Å"These are the researches of Herodotus of Halicarnassus, which he publishes, in the hope of thereby preserving from decay the remembrance of what men have done, and of preventing the great and wonderful actions of the Greeks and the foreigners from losing their due need of glory; and to put on record what were their grounds of feud† To commemorate To preserve the memory of the past by putting on record the astonishing achievements both of his and other people and more particularly. To show how they come into conflict To record the â€Å"glory† of Greeks To record stories even where truth is impossible (fantasises, legends) Inspired by Home and Hecateus Methodology and Technique Witness accounts Values Reports Sources Interests Viewpoints Evidence Books Entertainment Evidence Observations The Mind Enquiries Language and Style (words and phrases chosen, speeches, audience) Future Generations People’s viewpoint/ interpretation Memories Opinions Rumours Claims Honour Home and Hecateus Orally- entertaining Conflicting accounts Type of History Anthropology- study of mankind Ethnology Traditions, cultures and religious stories- oracles, wonders, marvels, dreams, myths, omens, sacrifices, prophecies, fables Societies- common practices Orators, politicians, demagogues, battles and warriors Polyphonic Constructed and recorded Books- customs, legends, history and tradition (The Histories) War between Persia and Greece Social and literary narrative Similar work style from predecessors (Homer and Hecateus: oral historians) Knowledge from his extensive travels Consulted witnesses and examined whenever possible and dreams, oracles and portents His opinion on plausible reports from implausible ones Intention of publishing hence being bias (perspective) Poetry (exaggeration) Impact of the historian on historiography Set a ‘standard’ no matter what (guidelines and rules) Creation of Western historical writing Include everything/ everybody Based on research Establishes historical writing as freely economic, political and diplomatic, social, sexual, religious, military or naval History as a field (social, cultural, gendered, religious, political, military An enquiry Storytelling and discipline Father of history and lies Establishes history as a mode of storytelling Post modernism Vocabulary Commemorative Divine intervention Greek pride Patriotic Remembrance Perspective of elite Greek society Broad Perspective Plethora Case Study- Thucydides The historian 460BC- 400 BC Elite, wealthy, male Early military career was cut short due to plague in Athens One of Athens’ ten generals Failing to save Amphipholis, he spends 20 years in exile. He returned at 404 BC. He has the opportunity to travel to both sides during the Peloponnesian War Age of the sophists- uses debates and rhetoric to argue issues Sceptical and rational Motive and Purpose for Writing â€Å"My work is not a piece of writing designed to meet the taste of an immediate public, but was done to last for ever† â€Å"I have written my work, not as an essay which is to win the applause of the moment, but as a possession for all time† Wrote the history of the war between the Peloponnesians and the Athenians â€Å"that it would be a great war and more worthy of relation than any that had preceded it† Does not glorify war To record Methodology and Technique High value on eyewitness testimonies Episodes of himself taking part Consulted written documents Interviews of participants Does not recognise divine interventions Modern historical objectivity Chronology- summers and winters Debates that he records From memory Sharp analysis of causes and effects Language and Style (words and phrases chosen, speeches, audience) To last through the ages Prose literature Speeches- adds realism Cross-examination Validity of their ideas on logic and rational thinking Debates Morals Type of History Political and military history Detailed writing of military, naval battles, preparation for battles, encouraging speeches by generals, effects and consequences of war Peloponnesians War Events (no arts, literature or society) War of Greeks- disputes, colonies, war, envoys Fast moving, precise, directed, decisive, carefully structured and highly analytic Strict chronological method Monologic Constructed and recorded Sophist’s speeches (used debates and arguments and counter argument, view and counter view, opinion and counter opinion) Objective Book- History of the Peloponnesian War Headlined and narrow events- military and political and diplomatic Impact of the historian on historiography Invention of a chronological way Developed an understanding of human nature explaining behaviours in such crises (plagues, massacres and civil war) instead on divine intervention History is based on logic and rational reasons and thinking Increased of accuracy and reliability of sources Sharp analysis of causes and effect Father of â€Å"scientific history†- strict standard of evidence gathering and analysing of evidence History was to learn from the past therefore making better decisions in the future Didactic- to teach Vocabulary Rhetoric of uncertainty with phrases like Devoted in evoking in detail Focus on a great historical period, a period of war Analytical No criticisms Refers to an interpretation Innovative Critical World history Case Study- Horrible Histories, Teary Deary Aim/ purpose: Entertainment, monetary, children’s interest in history Motive: Make a statement (anti-authority context) as school interest in history is declining Methodology: Consults historians (record, writing, collecting) Have professional actors Scripts (Performance) Series on Television (BBC) Language/ style: Colourful bright colours In a humorous way â€Å"Stories about people, in dramatic situations, with jokes† Gags Imagination Impact: Refocus the presentation of history to young children From being dry and dull to with humour History is now acceptable to be shown on TV for children Information of history has changed dramatically Case Study- Bede

Hamlet - Claudius :: essays papers

Hamlet - Claudius What could be worse than killing your brother? Marrying his wife right after! Claudius is the shadiest character in Act I of Hamlet. Claudius had poured the juice of a hebenon (henbane; a very poisonous plant) into his brother’s, Hamlet Sr.’s ear. Hamlet Sr. died quickly but was â€Å"doomed for a certain term to walk the night.† Claudius then hurriedly married Gertrude and became king. Hamlet knows none of this however, yet already holds certain contempt for his step-father/uncle. In scene 2, Claudius gives a very sly speech, side-stepping the fact that he is in the middle of a very incestuous relationship. He says, â€Å"With an auspicious and a dropping eye, / With mirth in funeral and with dirge in marriage, / In equal scale weighing delight and dole, -/Taken to wife†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Claudius tries to beat around the bush and not really explain anything about his marriage to Gertrude. No one questions him because he is King, but the people are not happy about this situation anyway. Claudius’s slick nature somewhat surfaces when he is speaking to Hamlet also. He is obviously uncomfortable with the fact that Hamlet is still mourning the death of his father and almost seems to bully him to stop: â€Å"†¦to preserver/ In obstinate condolement is a course/ Of impious stubbornness; ‘tis unmanly grief;/ It shows a will most incorrect to heaven,/ A heart unfortified, a mind impatient,/ An understanding simple and unschooled†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Claudius, of course, seems to say this with a face full of smiles as if politely correcting Hamlet, but it seems obvious that he is downright afraid of what Hamlet could do if he discovered the truth. This is expressed even more when Claudius says, â€Å"†¦we beseech you, bend you to remain/ Here, in the cheer and comfort of our eye, / Our chiefest courtier, cousin, and our son.

What Is One Business Solution To Poverty That You Think Could Improve Development Outcomes?

I believe opportunities exist for companies to reach low income consumers in developing countries with goods that meet their specific needs. Doing so would imply overcoming certain challenges, but would also yield significant benefits both for consumer goods companies and for the poor. In terms of demand, this opportunity appears to be promising.As the figure above shows1, 55% of today’s world population belong to the so called top of the pyramid (TOP) and live on more than $8 a day; 8% belong to the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) and live on less than $2 a day; and 37% belong to the middle of the pyramid (also called deep in the pyramid or DIP) and live on $2-$8 a day. The data shows that, for the period 2009-2020, annual growth for TOP consumers is expected to be +4% whilst growth for DIP and BOP consumers is expected to be -3%.This means that the world’s population living on a daily income above $8 is expected to rise from 55% in 2011 to 66% by 2020 as millions of DIP c onsumers move up the economic ladder thanks to economic growth. DIP consumers, therefore, have exceptional potential to boost consumer goods consumption growth in developing markets. Despite a positive demand outlook, the potential in the DIP market remains to be fully realized. There are two main challenges that companies need to overcome. First, determining the right price point and creating products to meet that price.This can be solved through innovation in products and packages, with price point driving product development. Here, reducing package sizes and developing more basic packaging while ensuring quality, convenience and value is key to success. Second, ensuring product availability through appropriate distribution. Traditional trade is probably the biggest challenge as companies are used to dealing with structured supermarkets. Reaching every corner store with its own approach to stock keeping, credit and retailing in countries with underdeveloped infrastructure can be v ery tricky.In some cases, companies may need to consider developing production facilities close to market in order to reduce distribution costs. In short, a different approach to risk, investment and organization is needed to meet the challenges of price point and distribution. But benefits can also be substantial for companies and for the poor. Let’s take dairy products as an example. On one hand, dairy brands can earn significant profits selling high volumes to the DIP market and building brand awareness in the minds of future TOP consumers.On the other hand, access to healthier and safer food would increase for the poor and their children in developing countries, improving nutrition levels. Moreover, local employment would also increase if dairy companies decide to produce locally in order to save distribution costs. Finally, the traditional distribution channel would be strengthened creating a healthy counterbalance to powerful supermarkets and retailers. It remains to be seen whether companies can successfully overcome the aforementioned challenges and positively impact local communities through share value creation.

Is College Worth the Costs? Essay

â€Å"Higher education can’t be a luxury, it’s an economic imperative that every family in America should be able to afford.† These are the words spoken on the 2012 campaign trail by president Barack Obama, on the importance of higher education. The cost for a college education is a big conversation in many American homes, as well as in Washington. Families are deciding if they will be able to send their children to college due the high and rising cost of a college degree. Sadly, some of them are choosing to bypass college because they believe that the price is too high. Those who believe college is no longer worth the money think the risk of not finding a job is too high, the amount of debt incurred is ridiculous, and the financial effects on the economy are devastating. Although many of these points are true, college graduates tend to live longer, happier lives, are in better financial standing, and fill the critical demands of skilled professions. College tuition prices have increased rapidly over the past few decades, putting a damper on the idea of attending. In the last decade alone, tuition and room and board prices have increased by 23% at private institutions, and 36% at public ones (Mandel 1). It’s to be expected that since the price of almost of everything has increased the last decade due to the economy, that education would too. But, the hike in the price of college tuition has surpassed inflation, making it difficult for almost all middle class Americans to finance a higher education. The argument, though, is not if families can afford to send their children to college; it’s if they believe that a college education is still worth the high cost it entails. Despite the increases in education costs, higher education is still important, though it may be harder to obtain. The risky job market is a reason students are choosing to bypass college. Along with high tuition prices, the job market for recent graduates is unstable. In the previous 2012 presidential election, a big topic in the live debates were that recent college graduates were unable to find jobs in their field, and if they did, most of the time they were most of the time,  underpaid. This is a scary situation that graduates hope they never have to deal with. New graduates are hoping for a solid job upon graduating from college to pay for their previous four years, and to start their careers and lives. The problem can be summarized by the statement, â€Å"Indeed, 60 percent of the increased college graduate population between 1992 and 2008 ended up in these lower skilled jobs, raising real questions about the desirability of pushing to increase the proportion of Americans attending and graduating from four year colleges and universities† (Duke 3). If graduating from college means spending thousands of dollars to end up with the same job you would have if you didn’t go to college, people are asking, â€Å"what is the point?† More people are starting to realize this, and though students are still attending college, they are thinking hard about the possible risk of not getting the job of their choice after graduating. Sadly, some of them are turning down college because of the worry of not being able to find a job. Of course there are risks with every decision someone makes, and by attending college one is at risk of not finding a open position in their field and having to settle for something less. But there are also risks of not attending college. These risk include the health and well-being of one’s self. Whether or not one finds the right job after graduating, the education and skills acquired still stays throughout their life. This involves learning and practicing healthy habits. Studies have shown that those who earn college degrees are more likely to live happier healthier lives than those who don’t. A report done by the Commission on Heath stated â€Å"that those with more education are likely to live longer, experience better health outcomes, and practice healthy behaviors like exercise, avoiding smoking, and getting regular checkups† (â€Å"The Happy State† 7). Those who are highly educated, have learned the importance of health and wellness, and usually live lives that reflect that. Living a healthier life includes: living longer, seeking more prosperous relationships, and having better community connections. Pew Research on Social and Demographic Trends, found that those who have graduated college are significantly happier than those will a high school diploma or less (â€Å"Are We Happy Yet?†). So although the risk of not finding a job after graduating is very real, one should consider the  risk of not attending school. Unfortunately, people tend to think more about wealth and not health when deciding whether or not to pursue a college degree. Students are accumulating massive debt, causing some to believe a higher education is not worth the large loans they are forced to take out. With higher tuition bills, students are have to take out more loans, leaving them with a large debt to pay after graduating. In 2012, the average loan debt for college graduates was $27,000, which is more than double from five years ago (Ross 7). No one wants to start their careers with an overwhelming amount of loan debt. Therefore, many students are justified in skipping college to jump straight into a job where the money they will be making will not have to go toward paying off school debt. A $27,000 debt upon graduating is not usually a selling point for prospective students deciding if attending college is a smart decision. To help cut down on the amount of loans one has to take out, universities are generous with financial aid. A majority of students earn some sort of financial aid, whether it be academic or need based. These financial grants and scholarships can significantly reduce the amount of money needed to finance a college education. In a study done on Dickinson College, in 2007 the average discount rate for first-years was 30 percent. It was also states that the average at liberal arts colleges is 40 percent (Massa and Parker 94). So, even though the students are forced to take out more loans to pay for college, obtaining financial aid by doing well in high school can reduce the amount needed to pay for college. Along with cutting down on expenses by taking advantage of financial aid awards, earning more money in a lifetime is a smart reason to go to college. College graduates make significantly more money in their lifetime. Though many high school graduates are eager to start making money, investing time and money into a college degree will end up being a bigger pay out in the end. The amount of money earned in a lifetime with a degree exceeds the amount of loans that one owes. According to the research done, â€Å"college graduates earn, on average, about $20,000 a year more than those who  finished their educations at high school. Add that up over a 40-year working life and the total differential is about $800,000[†¦]† (Clark 3). Even though there are rare cases where students end up making a large amount of money without a college degree, like Microsoft founder Bill Gates, the chances of one finding a high paying job without a college education is slim. So even though incurring debt is unattractive, the amount of money earned by obtaining a college degree is worth having to pay back college loans. An effect of borrowing so much money from the government and not finding a decent job, students are not able to make loan payments. This not only hurts the students but the economy as a whole. When graduates are not able to pay back the money they owe, the federal government suffers and loses money. The â€Å"delinquencies† of student loans is now higher than credit cards, mortgages, and all other kinds of consumer loans. The federal Consumer Financial Protection Bureau has stated that student debt has surpassed $1 trillion (Coy 1). As the economy incurs more of this debt, taxpayers are forced to pay more. This issue has greatly impacted not only students and their families, but the older generations. Other generations now believe that students are not able to pay their school debt, convincing them that college is not worth the enormous amount of debt that affects not only the graduates. Although it is true that defaulted loans hurt the economy, the nation still needs skilled employees with college degrees to fill critical professions. These graduates play a big role in the furthering of society. It is no new information most people believe a college education is the first step in becoming successful. Many believe an education opens doors and opportunities in the world to become prosperous. In fact, President Obama has greatly promoted higher education during his terms. He even donated most of his $1.4 million Nobel Peace Prize Award to support those who cannot afford a college education (Beaver 21). America needs higher educated people to make advancements in technology, medicine, and relations. Imagine for a moment that everyone decided that a college education was not worth it. Yes, the economy would not acquire as much debt, but who would continue to make  advancements in science, treat the sick, or deal with foreign nations? Nations around the world are competing with the United States academically; as a result of this, countries like China, are making strides economically and technologically, competing with the U.S. as the worlds largest super power. A economic crisis like the one the United States is in now requires highly skilled professionals and leaders to make smart and effective decisions to better the country. These professionals are produced through higher education and knowledge. Without college graduates, there is no hope for bettering society. So, is college worth the costs? Many skeptical people believe that today it isn’t. Because of the risky job market, where recent college graduates are not able to find a job, or at least one in their field of study, students have chosen to skip college. Also, students are finding themselves struggling to afford the high tuition prices of most universities. The high tuition bills force students to rely on loans to pay for a degree, and when they cannot find jobs to pay back those loans, they default on those loans hurting themselves and the economy. These reasons have caused families to rethink attending college, and although they are legitimate reasons, there are still important reasons as to why college is worth the investment. It has been shown that those with a college education live happier, healthier lives. Graduates make significantly more money in a lifetime and are more financially stable. Lastly, people with higher education are essential for the country. Their knowledge makes the advancements needed to maintain a prosperous nation. Health, money, and social progression is why investment of a college education is worth the cost, even if the price is high. Works Cited Beaver, William. â€Å"Do We Need More College Graduates?.† Society 47.4 (2010): 308-311. Academic Search Complete. Web. 4 Nov. 2013. Clark, Kim. â€Å"How Much Is That College Degree Really Worth?† US News. U.S.News & World Report, 30 Oct. 2008. Web. 27 Oct. 2013. â€Å"College Grads Happier.†Pew Social Demographic Trends RSS. Pew Research Center, 3 Nov. 2010. Web. 02 Dec. 2013. Coy, Peter. â€Å"The Needless Tragedy Of Student Loan Defaults.† Businessweek.Com (2012): 3. Business Source Complete. Web. 4 Nov. 2013. Duke, Selwyn. â€Å"DIPLOMA DISASTER? (Cover Story).† New American (08856540) 29.15 (2013): 10-15. Academic Search Complete. Web. 30 Oct. 2013. Mandel, Michael. â€Å"College: Rising Costs, Diminishing Returns.† Businessweek 4148 (2009): 20. Business Source Complete. Web. 30 Oct. 2013. Massa, Robert J., and Annette S. Parker. â€Å"Fixing the Net Tuition Revenue Dilemma: The Dickinson College Story.†Strategic Financial Challenges for Higher Education: How to Achieve Quality, Accountability, and Innovation. By Donna Klinger and Lucie Lapovsky. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2008. 93-94. Print. Ross, Andrew. â€Å"Mortgaging The Future: Student Debt In The Age Of Austerity.† New Labor Forum (Murphy Institute) 22.1 (2013): 23-28. Business Source Complete. Web. 31 Oct. 2013. â€Å"The Happy State of College Graduates.†-. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2013.